Which area of study involves identifying pathogens in body fluids?

The study of identifying pathogens in body fluids falls under the field of microbiology. Microbiology involves investigating various microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, and understanding their characteristics, behaviors, and impacts on human health. In a laboratory setting, microbiologists analyze samples of body fluids such as blood, urine, or cerebrospinal fluid to detect the presence of pathogens that may be causing infections. This process often involves culturing samples, performing various tests, and utilizing imaging and molecular techniques to accurately identify specific microorganisms.

In contrast, hematology primarily focuses on blood-related components, such as red and white blood cells, platelets, and coagulation processes, rather than identifying pathogens. Biochemistry studies the chemical processes and substances that occur within living organisms but does not directly involve pathogen identification. Cytology is concerned with the study of individual cells and cell structures, particularly for diagnosing cancer or other cellular abnormalities, but it does not primarily focus on analyzing pathogens in body fluids. Therefore, the correct answer is microbiology, as it directly addresses the identification of pathogens within bodily fluids.