What is the significance of reference ranges in laboratory testing?

The significance of reference ranges in laboratory testing lies in their role as established values that serve as benchmarks for interpreting individual test results. These reference ranges are derived from a population of healthy individuals and represent the expected distribution of test values within that population. By comparing an individual's test results against these established ranges, healthcare professionals can assess whether the results fall within normal limits or indicate potential health concerns.

This comparison is crucial for diagnosing conditions, monitoring diseases, or determining the efficacy of treatments. Reference ranges account for various factors, including age, sex, and population demographics, ensuring that interpretations of test results are relevant and accurate. Thus, option B correctly highlights the importance of reference ranges in laboratory testing by emphasizing their role in providing a framework for comparison to aid clinical decision-making.