What is the purpose of quality control in laboratory testing?

The purpose of quality control in laboratory testing is fundamentally rooted in the need to ensure the accuracy and precision of test results. Quality control involves a systematic approach to monitoring and evaluating laboratory procedures and processes, including the calibration of equipment, the implementation of standard operating procedures, and the regular testing of control samples. By consistently applying these measures, a laboratory can identify any deviations or errors in testing before they impact patient results, thereby maintaining the integrity of the testing process.

Ensuring accuracy means that the results reflect the true value of the analytes being measured, while precision refers to the consistency of these results over repeated tests. Without a robust quality control program, there is a higher risk of erroneous results, which can lead to inappropriate clinical decisions and negative patient outcomes. Therefore, quality control serves as a safeguard in the laboratory to uphold the reliability and validity of testing, which is critical for effective patient care and treatment.